Increasing Returns, Imperfect Competition, and Factor Prices

Increasing Returns, Imperfect Competition and Factor Prices

We show how, in general equilibrium models featuring increasing returns, imperfect competition and endogenous markups, changes in the scale of economic activity affect income distribution across factors. Whenever Þnal goods are gross-substitutes (grosscomplements), a scale expansion raises (lowers) the relative reward of the scarce factor or the factor used intensively in the sector characteriz...

Planning, Prices and Increasing Returns

Liquidity and Asset Returns Under Asymmetric Information and Imperfect Competition

We analyze how asymmetric information and imperfect competition affect liquidity and asset prices. Our model has three periods: agents are identical in the first, become heterogeneous and trade in the second, and consume asset payoffs in the third. We show that asymmetric information in the second period raises ex ante expected asset returns in the first, comparing both to the case where all pr...

Returns to Public Investments in Agriculture with Imperfect Downstream Competition

A multiple-market framework is developed to measure the size and distribution of research benefits. The model considers an upstream raw product market and a downstream finished product market and allows for imperfect competition in the intermediary food-processing sector. A central conceptual result is derived: an increase in raw product output is a sufficient condition for costreducing innovat...

Imperfect Markets and Commodity Prices Under Demand Pull

This paper presents a theoretical view of imperfect market. It concludes that an increase in the price of products does not give any incentive to increasing production which shows the mechanism for upward trends in prices.